China Shenzhen Ofeixin Technology Co., Ltd Company News

Wi-Fi HaLow: Leading the Revolution of IoT Connectivity   The flourishing development of the digital age is sparking a profound transformation, with the Internet of Things (IoT) seamlessly integrating into our daily lives and work, becoming an indispensable part. With the emergence of the new generation Wi-Fi technology, Wi-Fi HaLow, there is anticipation that it will redefine the IoT ecosystem in 2024 and beyond. Wi-Fi HaLow, defined by the IEEE 802.11ah standard and certified by the Wi-Fi Alliance, is poised to meet the new demands of today's smart wireless devices by providing long-range, low-power connections, thus becoming a key driver of transformative change in IoT applications.     Wi-Fi HaLow Application：   Smart home field：   The smart home technology has always been a focal point of innovation, and with the advent of Wi-Fi HaLow, this field is undergoing revolutionary changes. Homeowners increasingly reliant on smart technology have begun to encounter limitations with existing Wi-Fi solutions, including limited range, inconsistent connections, and high power consumption. Wi-Fi HaLow addresses these challenges by offering extensive coverage (1km+), robust connections, and lower power consumption.     Logistics/Warehousing Field:   In the logistics and warehousing sector, operational efficiency is crucial. Wi-Fi HaLow offers seamless communication up to 1 kilometer, supporting wireless sensor networks and other IoT devices, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and reducing downtime. Transportation and logistics services can rely on the reliability of Wi-Fi HaLow to ensure smooth exchange of data within the supply chain, which is particularly important for cargo monitoring and fleet management.     Smart City：   Wi-Fi HaLow is becoming the cornerstone of rapidly evolving smart city landscapes. By facilitating complex interactions between security systems, environmental controls, and occupancy sensors, it enables reliable, secure, and remote wireless networks, thereby enhancing urban living. Municipalities can utilize Wi-Fi HaLow to connect transportation systems, public safety networks, and utility monitoring, creating a responsive, data-driven urban environment, thus strengthening city management and resident services.     The application of Wi-Fi HaLow in areas such as smart homes, logistics/warehousing, and smart cities will overcome the limitations of traditional Wi-Fi solutions. In the future, with the widespread adoption of Wi-Fi HaLow, we can anticipate an enhancement in the level of smartness, bringing greater convenience and efficiency to people's lives.   The embodiment of Wi-Fi HaLow technology: 4108E-S module   In order to further promote the adoption and application of Wi-Fi HaLow technology, Ofeixin has developed a new generation Wi-Fi HaLow module, the 4108E-S, based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard. The introduction of this innovative module will provide strong support for the implementation of Wi-Fi HaLow technology, accelerating its application and adoption in various fields.     Module notable features:   Smaller size: With dimensions of 13.0 x 13.0 x 2.1mm, it meets the demand for compact modules in end products, reducing the volume and deployment costs of customer products accordingly. More interfaces: The module supports a variety of peripheral interfaces, including SDIO 2.0 interface and SPI mode operation, while also providing general-purpose I2C interface, UART interface, GPIO interface, and other peripherals, providing users with greater flexibility to easily integrate into different applications. Enhanced security: The 4108E-S module provides multi-layered security features, including encryption (AES), hash algorithms (SHA-1/SHA-2), protected management frames (PMF), and Opportunistic Wireless Encryption (OWE), ensuring confidentiality and integrity of wireless communication. Lower power consumption: Operating in the 902 – 928MHz frequency band, supporting selectable 1/2/4/8MHz channel bandwidths, accommodating data throughput from 3.333 Mbps to 32.5 Mbps. This enables devices to operate for long periods in low-power modes, greatly reducing the need for charging or battery replacement. Longer range: Operating in the Sub-1GHz frequency band, it has excellent penetration, effectively reducing signal interference and achieving extensive coverage over long distances. The module can reliably connect IoT devices within a one-kilometer range, even exceeding traditional Wi-Fi coverage by several times.   Layout of the present, outlook for the future:   By adopting Wi-Fi HaLow, stakeholders can seize countless opportunities by breaking through limitations in coverage, energy efficiency, and security. Wi-Fi HaLow is not just a means of connection; it is also a catalyst for digital transformation, with applications extending across the entire IoT ecosystem, from consumer to commercial to industrial domains. The widespread adoption of Wi-Fi HaLow marks a leap forward for the IoT, enabling billions of IoT devices to seamlessly connect, communicate, and collaborate. As we move into 2024 and beyond, the continued development of the IoT reminds us of the vital importance of connectivity in all aspects of our lives, offering unprecedented flexibility, convenience, and mobility. In this ever-evolving wireless environment, Wi-Fi HaLow stands out as the ideal protocol for the IoT, with its long-range, low-power characteristics poised to unleash the full potential of interconnected technology.      

From GreenTooth to StarFlash, wireless communication achieves transcendence   Like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, StarFlash is also a short-range wireless communication technology. To understand it, one must first understand Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, two communication technologies that play important roles in our lives. Although their application scenarios are similar, the focus of the two technologies is different: Bluetooth pursues lower power consumption, while Wi-Fi pursues higher transmission rates. Over the past 20 years, both technologies have developed along their respective goals, establishing extensive ecosystems and application scenarios, and also erecting high technological barriers.     In 2019, Huawei, in collaboration with academia and industry, jointly developed a more perfect short-range wireless communication technology and initiated the establishment of the "GreenTooth Alliance," which is the predecessor of the "StarFlash Alliance." The emergence of StarFlash marks the first time that the barriers built by Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies over the past 20 years have been broken. The StarFlash wireless communication system consists of the StarFlash access layer, basic service layer, and basic application layer, with the StarFlash access layer composed of Basic Access (SLB) and Low Power Access (SLE). SLB can be understood as Wi-Fi, with faster speed, lower latency, and higher data transmission efficiency, while SLE can be understood as Bluetooth, with lower power consumption. SLB is mainly used for scenarios such as industrial machinery control, in-vehicle active noise reduction, and wireless screen casting, while SLE is used for scenarios with low power consumption requirements such as headphone audio transmission, industrial data collection, and wireless battery management. Each has its own strengths, complementing each other.     StarFlash opens a new era of connectivity   StarFlash technology is benchmarked against Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, which are also short-range wireless communication technologies. Bluetooth focuses on low power consumption, while Wi-Fi pursues high data rates. The SLB and SLE layers of the StarFlash access layer combine the characteristics of low power consumption and high data rates.     The application prospects of StarFlash technology are very extensive, including smart homes, smart cars, smart terminals, and smart manufacturing, among others. For example, in smart homes, StarFlash technology can achieve fast and stable connections and data exchange between various smart devices. In smart cars, StarFlash technology enables high-speed, low-latency data communication between vehicles and external devices, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving. Currently, the "StarFlash Alliance" has expanded to hundreds of companies across various industries, including computing, automotive, home appliances, and network operators.     QOGRISYS'S StarFlash module is already in testing and will drive further implementation of StarFlash technology.   According to the White Paper on the Industrialization Progress of StarFlash Wireless Short-range Communication Technology and industry developments, 2024 is expected to be a year of explosive growth for StarFlash devices. With promising technological prospects, several listed companies have already taken the lead in deploying StarFlash technology. QOGRISYS, as an expert in the field of wireless communication, is also keeping pace with the trend. The StarFlash module developed by Ofeixin is currently in the testing phase and will soon be announced on the official website (http://en.ofeixin.com/). For companies interested in StarFlash technology or intending to take an early lead in deployment, they can contact us to learn about the latest industry information regarding StarFlash.  

Background of Wi-Fi HaLow：   In the past decade, Wi-Fi technology has been widely deployed in homes and enterprises, connecting billions of smart devices and facilitating rapid information transfer. However, current Wi-Fi standards face some challenges, including limitations in protocol range and overall functionality, resulting in difficulties in long-range communication and restricting the potential for smart devices to form a truly interconnected ecosystem. To meet the needs of low-power IoT clients and accelerate innovation in IoT applications, Wi-Fi HaLow technology based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard has emerged.     Wi-Fi HaLow Applications:   Wi-Fi HaLow technology is rapidly transforming the landscape across multiple domains, from enterprise networks to smart homes, and even to smart cities. Its outstanding connectivity and performance characteristics make it an ideal choice for various application scenarios.     In the domain of enterprise networks, Wi-Fi HaLow technology delivers excellent connectivity for IoT environments. Compared to traditional Wi-Fi, it offers broader coverage, greater capacity, and is suitable for requirements such as building access, management systems, and security cameras, ensuring long battery life, extensive coverage, and robust security.     In the realm of industrial automation, Wi-Fi HaLow technology overcomes physical barriers, providing unparalleled coverage and device support for industrial environments. Application scenarios encompass industrial automation, warehouse management, and transportation logistics, enhancing operational efficiency and reliability.     In the domain of infrastructure solutions, the expansive range and ability to support a large number of IoT devices are standout features of Wi-Fi HaLow technology. It meets the demands for network expansion, mesh networking, remote connectivity, and rural network enhancement, while ensuring robust security.     In the context of smart cities, Wi-Fi HaLow technology offers expanded connectivity, efficiency, and security. Each access point can support a large number of IoT devices, optimizing aspects such as long-range connectivity, energy efficiency, and urban infrastructure services.     In the realm of smart homes, Wi-Fi HaLow technology enhances connectivity through its extended range, superior penetration capability, and low power consumption. It is particularly suitable for applications such as security cameras, home gateways, and automation, providing convenience and security for large properties.   Wi-Fi HaLow Product：       Corresponding technologies inevitably have corresponding products. Taking the example of the 4108E-S module from Ofeixin, based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard, it possesses the following notable features:   1. Smaller dimensions, measuring 13.0 x 13.0 x 2.1mm, meeting the demand for small-sized modules in terminal products, thereby reducing the volume and deployment costs of customer products.   2. Furthermore, the module supports a variety of peripheral interfaces, including SDIO 2.0 interface and SPI mode operation, while also providing general I2C interface, UART interface, GPIO interface, and other peripheral interfaces, offering users greater flexibility to easily integrate into different applications.   3. Outstanding coverage performance, operating in the Sub-1GHz frequency band with excellent penetration capability, effectively reducing signal interference and achieving extensive coverage over long distances. The module can reliably connect IoT devices within a range of one kilometer, with coverage distances surpassing traditional Wi-Fi by several times.   4. Lower power consumption, operating in the 902 – 928MHz frequency band, supporting selectable 1/2/4/8MHz channel bandwidth, accommodating data throughput from 3.333 Mbps to 32.5 Mbps. This enables devices to operate for extended periods in low power mode, significantly reducing the need for recharging or battery replacement.     The 4108E-S, powered by the Morse Micro MM6108 chip, signifies a significant innovation achieved by Ofeixin in the field of wireless communication. The introduction of this module will provide a more robust and efficient connectivity solution for IoT applications, driving IoT into a new era characterized by scalability, security, low power consumption, and remote capabilities.

In today's digital era, wireless connectivity has become an indispensable part of our daily lives and work. However, understanding the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of different frequency bands is crucial when choosing the most suitable wireless connection for your needs. This article will explore the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and the latest 6 GHz frequency bands to help you make informed choices.                        Understanding the characteristics of different frequency bands:   1. 2.4 GHz Band: Wave Length and Frequency Characteristics: The 2.4 GHz band has relatively longer wavelengths and lower frequencies, thus offering a longer transmission range but relatively slower speeds. Application Scenarios: Due to its good penetration capability and transmission range, the 2.4 GHz band is often used for transmitting small amounts of data over longer distances, such as remote monitoring, sensor networks, etc.   2. 5 GHz Band: Wave Length and Frequency Characteristics: The 5 GHz band has shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies, resulting in faster transmission speeds but relatively shorter transmission ranges. Application Scenarios: The 5 GHz band is suitable for scenarios requiring high-speed data transmission and real-time applications, such as high-definition video streaming, online gaming, etc.   3. 6 GHz Band: Wave Length and Frequency Characteristics: The 6 GHz band is the latest commercial frequency band, featuring higher frequencies and larger transmission bandwidth, thus offering faster transmission speeds and less interference. Application Scenarios: The 6 GHz band is suitable for scenarios with high requirements for transmission speed and stability, such as large file transfers, high-definition video conferences, etc.                    Speed differences and performance impact:   1. 2.4 GHz: Typically provides a maximum airspeed of up to 100 Mbps, suitable for general data transfer needs.   2. 5 GHz: Can provide speeds of up to 1 Gbps, suitable for high-speed data transmission and real-time applications.   3. 6 GHz: Can provide speeds of up to 2 Gbps, featuring faster transmission speeds and less interference, suitable for applications with high demands for speed and stability.   How to Choose the Right Frequency Band:   Real-time Applications and High-Speed Data Transmission: For applications requiring real-time responsiveness and high-speed data transmission, such as high-definition video streaming, online gaming, or video conferencing, it is recommended to use the 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands. These two bands offer higher transmission speeds and less interference, meeting the demand for fast and stable connections.   Long-Distance Transmission and Lower Data Requirements: If data transmission is needed over longer distances, or if data requirements are relatively low, such as web browsing, receiving emails, etc., then due to the longer transmission range and good penetration capability of the 2.4 GHz band, it will perform more reliably in these scenarios.   Mixed-Use Scenarios: In mixed-use scenarios, such as home networks connecting various types of devices simultaneously, consider leveraging the diversity of devices across different frequency bands to optimize connectivity and performance. You can connect devices requiring high-speed transmission and real-time responsiveness to the 5 GHz or 6 GHz bands, while connecting devices requiring long-distance transmission or lower data requirements to the 2.4 GHz band. This way, you can fully utilize the characteristics of each frequency band to ensure the stability and performance of the entire network.                     When selecting the appropriate wireless connection frequency band to meet specific needs, besides understanding the characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of different bands, one can also consider employing corresponding Wi-Fi modules to optimize connectivity performance. For the 2.4 GHz band, you can choose the corresponding Wi-Fi module to achieve stable and reliable long-distance transmission. For applications requiring high-speed transmission and real-time responsiveness, it is recommended to select Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 5 GHz or 6 GHz bands to obtain faster transmission speeds and less interference.   Recommended Wi-Fi Modules for Corresponding Frequency Bands: Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 2.4 GHz band:6188E-UF,O8723UE, 6223A-SRD                Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 5 GHz band:8121N-UH,6111E-UC, 6222D-UUC                 Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 6 GHz band:O7851PM,O2066PM, O2066PB              By combining suitable Wi-Fi module selections, one can maximize the advantages of each frequency band, thereby ensuring optimal performance and stability of network connections.  

In the digital era, as wireless networks continue to evolve, WIFI technology, one of our primary means of daily connectivity, is also undergoing constant upgrades. Over the past few years, WIFI5 has been the preferred standard for many users, providing us with reliable wireless connections. However, WIFI6 has now emerged, introducing a range of new features and being hailed as "High Efficiency WIFI." Let's delve into the differences between WIFI6 and WIFI5, explore the advantages brought by this new technology, and consider the position of WIFI5 in this technological evolution.   Compared to the currently prevalent WIFI5 technology, WIFI6 demonstrates superior performance in multiple aspects. WIFI6 not only boasts faster speeds, support for more concurrent devices, and lower latency but also operates with greater energy efficiency. It adopts OFDMA technology similar to 5G, combined with 1024-QAM high-order modulation, enabling a maximum support of 160MHz bandwidth and nearly tripling the speed compared to WIFI5. Through intelligent frequency division technology, WIFI6 can accommodate concurrent connections for more devices, increasing the access device capacity by four times. Moreover, the reduction of queuing phenomena is facilitated by multi-device concurrent connections, actively avoiding interference and reducing latency by two-thirds. During terminal device standby, WIFI6 also supports on-demand wake-up functionality, effectively reducing the power consumption of terminal devices by 30%. These advanced features make WIFI6 a significant technological upgrade in the current field of network communication.     Under the WIFI5 standard, communication between devices can be likened to a single-channel transmission, where at any given moment, only one device can communicate with the router. Even if other devices are idle, they cannot transmit data simultaneously. If any device experiences interference, the entire communication channel may be affected, similar to a blockage in the entire communication process. In contrast, under the WIFI6 standard, communication has been improved. Multiple devices can communicate in a more flexible manner simultaneously, forming a more efficient multi-user transmission. Devices can be grouped into teams, and each team can independently transmit data without interfering with each other. If a particular device experiences interference, only the team to which that device belongs will be affected, without impacting the entire communication process. This makes the WIFI6 standard more powerful and reliable in the face of interference.     To enhance the device access capacity of WIFI networks in densely populated scenarios such as exhibition venues and sports stadiums, WIFI6 has introduced a technology known as BSS coloring. In traditional WIFI communication, devices adhere to the "listen before talk" principle, meaning they wait until other signals on the same channel are detected to be finished before initiating communication. However, BSS coloring technology allows devices to assess whether other signals might impact communication through specific markers. If a WIFI6 device reads the marker and determines it as "non-impactful," it will initiate communication directly, thereby reducing wait times and effectively improving the speed and reliability of wireless networks.     This is a significant improvement, but WIFI5 devices do not support this technology. WIFI5 devices do not carry markers in their transmitted signals, so surrounding devices cannot determine from these unmarked signals whether they might affect their own communication. The only solution is to remain silent, leaving time for these older devices that do not support the new technology.     In such a scenario, once WIFI5 devices initiate communication, it may force WIFI6 devices, which could have communicated, to remain silent. This highlights the advantages of adopting WIFI6 in high-density environments, while traditional WIFI5 devices become a limiting factor for overall communication efficiency. In summary, WIFI6, as the new standard for wireless connectivity in the digital era, is favored by many users due to its higher speed, support for more concurrent devices, low latency, and low power consumption.     Shenzhen Ofeixin Technology Co., Ltd fully leverages the advantages of WIFI6 technology and has successfully launched the WIFI6 module O2064PM. This module incorporates Qualcomm's QCA2064 WIFI 6 chip, featuring ultra-high integration and outstanding performance. The O2064PM module is compatible with IEEE802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax 2x2 MIMO wireless standards, supporting Dual-band simultaneous (DBS) operation in the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz frequency bands concurrently. It utilizes an M.2 PCIe interface, achieving a maximum data rate of 1800Mbps. After market validation, the O2064 module has been successfully mass-produced and stands out uniquely in the market.     Simultaneously, Ofeixin continues to innovate, keeping pace with the trends of the times, and has successfully developed and launched the WIFI7 module O7851PM. Based on Qualcomm's WCN7851 chip, the O7851PM utilizes an M.2 PCIe interface with dimensions of 22302.7mm, achieving a transmission rate of up to 5.8Gbps. It supports the latest WIFI7 technologies such as 4096QAM, 320MHz bandwidth, Multi-RU mechanism, Multi-LINK multiple link mechanism, CMU-MIMO, and collaborative debugging of multiple APs, making it an ideal choice for advancing towards higher levels of wireless connectivity. For more information about the product specifications of WIFI7              

In today's digital age, Wi-Fi has become an indispensable part of our lives, but the evolution of this wireless communication technology has been a fascinating and rich journey. From its humble beginnings with the first steps taken, to the high-speed data transmission of Wi-Fi 7 today, each birth of a Wi-Fi standard has been accompanied by numerous innovations and technological breakthroughs.           802.11: The earliest Wi-Fi standard, released in 1997, supporting a maximum transmission rate of 2Mbps. This standard operated in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and employed Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation techniques.   802.11a: Released in 1999, it introduced the 5 GHz frequency band for the first time, offering higher transmission rates of up to 54 Mbps. Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology, it supported up to 8 parallel data streams, opening up new possibilities for high-speed wireless communication at that time.   802.11b: Also released in 1999, with a maximum transmission rate of 11 Mbps, significantly surpassing the performance of 802.11. Although slightly slower than 802.11a, this standard operated in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, providing better penetration and coverage, and adopted more advanced modulation techniques (Complementary Code Keying).   802.11g: Released in 2003 as the successor to 802.11b, it inherited its advantages in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and offered higher transmission rates of up to 54 Mbps. It used the same OFDM technology as 802.11a but with better compatibility. However, due to the same frequency band, it was not compatible with 802.11a.   802.11n (Wi-Fi 4): Released in 2009, it introduced Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology, enabling simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams, improving transmission rates and coverage. It operated in both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, with a maximum transmission rate of up to 600 Mbps or higher.   Wi-Fi 4 series modules:6188E-UF, O8723UE, 6223A-SRD.          802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5): Released in 2013, primarily operates in the 5 GHz frequency band, introducing more MIMO streams, beamforming technology, and higher modulation techniques, with a maximum transmission rate of up to gigabits per second (Gbps).   Wi-Fi 5 series modules:8121N-UH, 6111E-UC, 6222D-UUC         802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6): Released in 2019, aimed at enhancing network capacity and efficiency. It introduces several improvements such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO), etc., to accommodate the increasing number of connected devices and high-density environments, providing better support for bandwidth-intensive applications like high-definition video streaming, online gaming, etc.   Wi-Fi 6E/6 series modules:O2066PM, O2066PB,O2064PM         802.11be (Wi-Fi 7): Released in 2024, it represents the next generation Wi-Fi standard, corresponding to the upcoming new revision IEEE 802.11be - Extremely High Throughput (EHT). Building upon Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 7 introduces technologies such as 320MHz bandwidth, 4096-QAM, Multi-RU, multi-link operation, enhanced MU-MIMO, and multi-AP coordination. These advancements enable Wi-Fi 7 to offer higher data transmission rates and lower latency compared to Wi-Fi 6. The theoretical throughput of Wi-Fi 7 is expected to support up to 46Gbps, roughly four times more than Wi-Fi 6.     From the initial 2Mbps to the arrival of Wi-Fi 7 at 46Gbps today, each standard's birth represents an unwavering pursuit of speed, coverage, and connectivity. With the advent of the digital age, Wi-Fi has seamlessly integrated into our lives and work, becoming a bridge connecting the world. And with the introduction of Wi-Fi 7, we look forward to faster, more stable wireless networks bringing us richer experiences and application scenarios, making the future even brighter.

On January 8, 2024, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced the launch of Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7, marking the official arrival of the WIFI 7 era! This certification introduces a range of powerful new features aimed at enhancing Wi-Fi performance and improving connectivity in various environments. WIFI 7 supports emerging applications such as multi-user AR/VR/XR, immersive 3D training, electronic gaming, hybrid work, industrial IoT, and automotive technologies. It is anticipated that by 2028, Wi-Fi 7 will see the market entry of 2.1 billion devices, with smartphones, PCs, tablets, and access points among the early adopters of Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7 certification.     Broadcom, CommScope's RUCKUS Networks, Intel, MaxLinear, MediaTek, and Qualcomm, among other companies, have formed the certification testbed and are among the first to receive Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7 devices. The introduction of this certification will drive widespread adoption of Wi-Fi 7, offering users a faster, more efficient, and reliable wireless network experience.   WIFI 7 introduces a range of cutting-edge features, such as 320MHz bandwidth, 4096-QAM, Multi-RU multi-link operation, enhanced MU-MIMO, and multi-AP collaboration technologies, aiming to provide higher data transfer rates and lower latency.     Among them, Multi-AP Collaboration is a significant innovation in Wi-Fi 7. Within the 802.11 protocol framework, various access points (APs) primarily engage in collaborative activities such as channel optimization selection, AP transmit power adjustment, load balancing, and spatial reuse for efficient resource utilization. However, in practice, the collaboration between APs is relatively limited. To further enhance the efficiency of radio frequency resource utilization in specific areas, Wi-Fi 7 introduces collaborative scheduling among multiple APs. This includes coordination planning in both time and frequency domains for neighboring cells, interference coordination between neighboring cells, and distributed MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), effectively reducing interference between APs and significantly improving the utilization of airborne resources.   The Multi-AP Collaboration scheduling in Wi-Fi 7 encompasses the following aspects：   Coordinated Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (Co-OFDMA)：   By coordinating and allocating subcarrier resources among different APs, multiple APs can simultaneously engage in parallel communication on different subcarriers. This allows for the sharing of spectrum resources among multiple APs, thereby improving spectrum utilization efficiency and network capacity.       Coordinated Spatial Reuse (Co-SR)：   Coordinating the transmission and reception time slots of different APs in the spatial domain, allowing different APs to simultaneously transmit data in adjacent areas, reduces interference between different APs, thus improving spatial reuse efficiency, network capacity, and throughput.     Coordinated Beamforming (Co-BF)：   Through Coordinated Beamforming, multiple APs collaborate to concentrate signal energy and alter antenna radiation direction, transmitting the wireless signal in a more directional manner to specific user devices. This enhances signal coverage, improves link quality, and increases transmission efficiency.     Coordinated Joint Transmission (Co-JT)：   Allowing the combination of data from multiple APs into a more powerful signal, simultaneously transmitting coordinated data to the same user device, improving the reception signal quality, transmission rate, and coverage range of the user device.     Coordinated Time Division Multiple Access (Co-TDMA):   Allowing multiple APs to transmit data in different time slots, through coordinated scheduling and allocation of time resources, avoiding conflicts and interference between APs, reducing transmission latency, providing a more stable and reliable connection, and improving network capacity and spectrum utilization efficiency.   Basic Service Set Coloring Mechanism (BSS Coloring):   By identifying and distinguishing different BSSs, it avoids mutual interference between multiple Wi-Fi routers or APs on the same channel, thereby enhancing the performance and reliability of the Wi-Fi network.     Clear Channel Assessment (CCA):   Dynamic Channel Sensing technology used to detect, perceive, and assess channel activities in the surrounding environment. It adjusts based on real-time channel conditions, aiding APs in selecting relatively idle channels to enhance performance and reduce interference with other Aps.   In the wave of technological innovation in Wi-Fi 7, Shenzhen Ofeixin Tech Co., Ltd.'s O7851PM wireless Wi-Fi 7 card has emerged as a standout performer. As a leading product with Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7 certification, it is designed with the Qualcomm WCN7851 chip, supporting the M.2 PCIe interface with a transmission rate of up to 5.8Gbps. This card features support for the aforementioned Multi-AP collaboration technology and also boasts ultra-low latency (below 2ms), 4096QAM, 320MHz bandwidth, Multi-RU mechanism, Multi-LINK multi-link mechanism, CMU-MIMO, and other Wi-Fi 7 technologies. With its exceptional performance and innovative design, this Wi-Fi 7 card module is poised to be the pinnacle choice leading the Wi-Fi 7 era, providing users with an outstanding wireless connectivity experience.     This article has introduced the Multi-AP Collaboration technology of WIFI 7. Subsequent content will cover other WIFI 7 technologies. Stay tuned for more updates and the latest information in the wireless industry. Thank you for your attention.    

Starting from 2023, wireless terminal devices, aside from smartphones, have gradually upgraded to WIFI 6/6E. Devices based on 802.11ax technology can further meet user expectations for superior performance and coverage in the new generation Wi-Fi standard. Users typically focus on the throughput of WIFI modules, and upon receiving samples, they often conduct throughput tests on the modules. In a previous discussion, we introduced the throughput testing of the O2066PM WIFI 6E module in a Linux environment. This article will further test its throughput in a Windows environment. WIFI throughput refers to the actual maximum speed supported by WIFI devices (AP/STA) on the uplink and downlink links. It is a type of stress test that closely resembles real-world usage scenarios, especially as products become increasingly wireless, and wired Ethernet port designs gradually fade away, making it particularly important.     一、Hardware Preparation: PC1: Processor: i5-12400 Memory: 16.0 GB Operating System: Windows 11 (Chinese version) Additional Hardware: PCIE to 2.5G Network Card PC2: Processor: i5-1240P Memory: 16GB Operating System: Windows 10 (English version) Additional Hardware: O2066PM WiFi 6E Module Router: NETGEAR-RAX200 by NETGEAR Antenna:Type: Standard Dual-band PCB Antenna     二、Network Topology     三、Routing Configuration, and Connection Status     四、Screen Room Test   Screening room testing is an ideal environment test, primarily aimed at eliminating interference and assessing the module's actual throughput capacity.   Testing software: IxChariot_670   Throughput test data (actual measurement screenshots):   1、TCP UL: 2.4G HE20(287Mbps)，TCP DL: 2.4G HE20(287Mbps)     2、TCP UL: 2.4G HE40(574Mbps)，TCP DL: 2.4G HE40(574Mbps)     3、TCP UL: 5G HE20(287Mbps)，TCP DL: 5G HE20(287Mbps)     4、TCP UL: 5G HE40(574Mbps)，TCP DL: 5G HE40(574Mbps)     5、TCP UL: 5G HE80(1200Mbps)，TCP DL: 5G HE80(1200Mbps)     6、TCP UL: 5G HE160(2402Mbps)，TCP DL: 5G HE160(2402Mbps)   7、Summarized actual throughput test data:     五、Actual testing in office environment   The actual testing in office environment aims to assess the module's resistance to interference and throughput performance in real-world conditions. The measurements were taken at a distance of 4 meters, with a multitude of active routers, creating a complex testing environment.       六、Summary   1.For high-throughput WIFI module testing, it is necessary to enable multi-threaded testing to demonstrate the module's actual throughput capability. 2.Due to the extreme testing conditions, running TX/RX simultaneously results in significant module heat generation. Therefore, a fan was used throughout the entire process to cool the module. When designing with this module in high-throughput environments (considering mainly TX in AP mode), attention should be paid to heat dissipation issues. 3.Under 2.4G HE40 mode, the throughput rates reached 419.8Mbps (TX) and 447.1Mbps (RX). This indicates that even in the crowded 2.4GHz frequency band, the network card can still provide considerable throughput, making it an ideal choice for high-density user environments. 4.In 5G HE160 mode, the TX and RX throughput rates further increased to an impressive 1678.5Mbps and 1860.3Mbps, respectively, showcasing the outstanding performance of O2066PM in the 5GHz frequency band, supporting higher speeds and larger bandwidth. 5.In actual office scenarios, the O2066PM throughput rate decreased by approximately 700Mbps compared to the shielded room, reaching around 1Gbps, demonstrating good stability.   In summary, the O2066PM, designed based on QCA2066, demonstrates outstanding throughput in both HE40 and HE160 modes. The network card is capable of operating in a wide temperature range from -30 to 85°C, making it well-suited to meet diverse network performance requirements in various application scenarios.      

  With the continuous maturation and popularization of WiFi 7 technology (for those who are not familiar with WiFi 7 technology, you can click the link https://mp.csdn.net/mp_blog/creation/editor/135151262 to read an article), we are ushering in a new era of digital connectivity. As the next generation wireless network standard, WiFi 7 will greatly change the development and application methods across various industries. In particular, areas such as AR/VR, Industrial Internet, video conferencing, and gaming/cloud gaming will experience unprecedented opportunities and transformations. This article will explore the application prospects and impact of WiFi 7 in these areas, demonstrating its enormous potential and influence on human society.     AR/VR:   The introduction of WiFi 7 will greatly drive the development of VR and AR technologies, creating more realistic and seamless virtual experiences for users. The high-speed transmission and low latency of WiFi 7 will effectively reduce any form of lag, further enhancing user immersion in virtual environments. In such a network environment, real-time interaction between users will become more natural, and the response speed of gestures and motion sensing will also be faster. Additionally, WiFi 7's support for multiple users will promote the realization of large-scale multi-user VR/AR experiences, such as virtual meetings and exhibitions. With the continuous advancement of technology, we believe that VR/AR applications will expand from the entertainment sector to broader fields such as education, training, and real-time collaboration, bringing people new experiences and application scenarios.     Industrial Internet：   The traditional data transmission of industrial Internet relies on wired networks, but now the emergence of WIFI 7 provides strong support for the development of wireless industrial Internet. The low latency and high capacity of WIFI 7 will provide new possibilities for real-time monitoring and control. Through WIFI 7, industrial equipment can transmit data more quickly, thereby achieving smarter and more efficient production processes. Stable communication between devices and sensors will also greatly improve the reliability of industrial automation systems, reducing the risk of production interruptions, and making the management and maintenance of industrial equipment more convenient.     Video conference：   The advent of WIFI 7 will revolutionize the field of video conferencing, offering not only high-definition video conferencing experiences due to its high-speed transmission and extremely low latency but also unprecedented smoothness and clarity for users. Additionally, multi-user support and larger network capacity mean that not only large teams but even entire enterprises can participate in meetings simultaneously without worrying about loss of connection quality. With the application of WIFI 7, meeting participants will be able to engage in real-time interaction in ways never seen before, whether through text, voice, or video communication, all of which will be smoother and more efficient.     Gaming/Cloud Gaming:   WIFI 7 will also play a crucial role in the gaming industry. Cloud gaming services will benefit from its high-speed transmission and low latency, providing players with superior gaming experiences on cloud platforms. Multiplayer online gaming will usher in a new era, supporting more players to connect and interact simultaneously, significantly enhancing the experience of competitive gaming, enabling players to respond more accurately and quickly to dynamic situations in the game.   In summary, WIFI 7's application prospects are broad, and it will have far-reaching effects in multiple domains. From more efficient video conferencing to more immersive AR/VR experiences, and to smarter industrial Internet and higher-quality cloud gaming services, WIFI 7 will bring more convenience and possibilities to human society. With the continuous advancement of technology and the expansion of application scenarios, we believe WIFI 7 will undoubtedly become a cornerstone of the future digital society, promoting humanity towards a more intelligent and convenient future.     In the digital age, Shenzhen Ofeixin Technology Co., Ltd. dares to innovate independently and keeps pace with WIFI 7's progress, continuously developing more advanced technological products. Among them, the latest WIFI 7 wireless card module, O7851PM, integrates the cutting-edge WIFI 7 technology internally, providing users with faster and more reliable wireless connections. This innovation is believed to further drive the application and popularization of WIFI 7 technology in various sectors of society, delivering superior wireless connectivity experiences to users worldwide.  

Background   On November 4, 2022, Huawei's newly established StarFlash Alliance, which has been in existence for nearly two years, unveiled its own communication standard—StarFlash Wireless Short-Range Communication 1.0, leading a new trend in the wireless communication field. This standard includes two modes: basic access and low-power access, providing devices with flexible and diverse connection methods. The flexible channel design allows StarFlash to operate in extremely low-power modes according to the actual needs of the device, improving the battery life of small wireless devices or reducing their size.   On August 4, 2023, Huawei shook the HDC conference by unveiling a new generation of short-range wireless connectivity technology: StarFlash NearLink. The birth of this technology stems from endless exploration and innovation in the era of ubiquitous connectivity. StarFlash NearLink not only redefines short-range wireless communication but also brings personalized and diversified connectivity experiences to users. Similar to traditional Bluetooth technology, but completely revolutionizing in its implementation, it has driven a new revolution in wireless communication with its ultimate innovation and user experience.   So what are the advantages and disadvantages of the emerging StarFlash technology compared to traditional Bluetooth technology?   1.Transmission speed:   StarFlash: StarFlash offers a transmission speed of up to 900Mbps, significantly surpassing the transmission speed of traditional Bluetooth. For scenarios requiring high-speed transmission of large amounts of data, such as 4K or 8K video streaming, and large-scale gaming, StarFlash holds a clear advantage.   Bluetooth: Bluetooth has a transmission speed of up to 24Mbps, although far behind StarFlash, it is sufficient to meet most daily life needs, such as music playback, phone calls, etc.   2.Coverage range:   StarFlash: StarFlash has a coverage range of approximately 600 meters, twice that of Bluetooth. This means that within the transmission range of StarFlash, users can move more freely without worrying about signal interruptions or connection failures. Such extended coverage range gives StarFlash an advantage in many scenarios, such as outdoor sports, large-scale event venues, or vast public areas. This wide coverage range provides users with a broader communication and connection space, allowing them to enjoy the convenience and fun brought by various wireless technologies more conveniently.   Bluetooth: The coverage range of Bluetooth is between 20-300 meters outdoors and approximately 10 meters indoors. Although smaller than StarFlash, Bluetooth technology has demonstrated extremely high stability and reliability in practical applications.   3.Device compatibility:   StarFlash: As an emerging wireless technology, the number of devices currently supporting StarFlash is relatively limited. Even smartphones or computers compatible with StarFlash require upgrading to the latest operating system to function properly.   Bluetooth: Bluetooth technology has been developed for many years, and almost all smartphones, computers, and tablets support Bluetooth. Additionally, most peripherals such as headphones, speakers, mice, and keyboards available in the market also support Bluetooth.   4.Latency and Stability:   StarFlash: StarFlash has very low latency, achieving a minimum of 20 microseconds, marking the first time human wireless connectivity has entered the microsecond level. It performs excellently in scenarios such as video calls and gaming. Additionally, StarFlash also features low power consumption, allowing for extended usage.   Bluetooth: Bluetooth has a minimum latency of around 10 to 15 milliseconds, higher than StarFlash. However, in practical usage, Bluetooth demonstrates better stability. For example, in indoor environments, even with walls or other obstacles, Bluetooth connections do not experience significant fluctuations.   5.Security:   StarFlash: StarFlash utilizes the latest security protocols and encryption technologies to effectively safeguard the security of transmitted data. Additionally, StarFlash supports connections with multiple devices, enabling users to seamlessly switch between devices.   Bluetooth: Bluetooth also employs various security measures to protect data transmission, such as AES encryption and authentication mechanisms. However, compared to StarFlash, Bluetooth's security may be slightly inferior.   6.Cost:   StarFlash: As an emerging wireless technology, the hardware cost of StarFlash devices is relatively high. This could be a significant factor hindering the widespread adoption of StarFlash in the short term.   Bluetooth: Bluetooth technology is already very mature, and hardware costs are relatively low. Therefore, in terms of cost, Bluetooth has a clear advantage.   Overall, both StarFlash and Bluetooth have their own advantages, disadvantages, and suitable scenarios. In the future, these two technologies may learn from each other and merge for further development. Let us look forward to seeing how these wireless technologies will play increasingly important roles in our lives.   With the widespread interest sparked by the outstanding performance of StarFlash technology, many are eagerly anticipating firsthand experiences. Regarding StarFlash modules, according to the latest information, Shenzhen QOGRISYS Technology Co., Ltd. will soon release StarFlash modules. QOGRISYS, as a comprehensive IoT solution provider, offers a diverse product line to meet the varied demands of the IoT market. QOGRISYS'S product line covers WIFI, BT, WIFI HaLow, Nearlink, as well as IOT/AIOT, PLC, Cellular, and more to address the needs of different scenarios. We believe everyone will be able to confidently choose the suitable module according to their product requirements.   We also welcome everyone to follow us, and we will bring you more detailed information about StarFlash modules as soon as they go online. Stay tuned for updates.